Sights of America and Great Britain
В проекте участвовали Держунина Вероника, Семёнова София, Ардатова Софья, Воробьева Алина, Иванова Дарья, 6А класс
Цель проекта
- Узнать больше о Лондоне- столице Великобритании и «совершить путешествие» по этому городу не выходя из дома
London eye
The London Eye is a giant Ferris wheel situated on the banks of the River Thames in London, England. The entire structure is 135 metres (443 ft) tall and the wheel has a diameter of 120 metres (394 ft). It is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe, and the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom, visited by over 3.5 million people annually
Museum to Tussauds's fashion
Madam Tussaud's is the most popular and talked about wax museum in the world. There are wax models of the famous and infamous, both living and dead, from every walk of life.
Elvis Presley, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Marilyn Monro, Michael Jackson, Alfred Hitchcock, Charlie Chaplin, the British Royal family, Bill Clinton, Jack the Ripper... There is no other place where you can see all the celebrities at once, even if they are only wax figures. So if you want to rub shoulders with kings and queens or the latest pop stars, or probably with notorious criminals, this is the place to go.
The museum is situated in Marylebone Road, not far from the street which is famous as the home of the first great detective in fiction, Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes.
House of guilds
- A 20-minute walk from York Minster is a guild house. This is one of the oldest buildings of York, erected in 1357 - 61 years. oak that grew in the surrounding woods, and, among other things, the largest half-timbered structure in the UK. Originally it housed the congregation of the Lord Jesus and the Guild of Our Blessed Virgin Mary to the hospital for the poor, then it was renamed the Guild cloth merchant, who in the 16th century was named the company's "Merchants Adventurers", and the building became known as the Hall of Merchant
Yolloustonsky national park
- Yellowstone Park was also known as Wonderland. There are many hot springs, more than 10,000. The most famous is Old Faithful. There is smell of sulfur all over the park. The reason for the Hot Springs is because of the continental ocean shifts moving. There is a got magma in the chamber and is part of the Earth’s crust. There were a series of volcanic eruptions. A once volcanic wasteland turned into beautiful land. Yellowstone River runs through. August 17, there was an earthquake and lifted Madison Mountain Range. It crashed into the river and created a new lake and new ecosystem.
- The summer of 1988 was a crucial one. Every summer there are thunderstorms and lightning. This summer there was just a lightning storm and caused a huge fire. It was the driest summer ever. The fire spread throughout the whole park. It ruined everything. Water would be dropped but the fire still went on for days. August 20, was known as Black Saturday. Dead trees made fire fighting deadly. The winds blew a lot, which didn’t help prevent fire. People were starting to wonder if the park could be safe. The one main concern was Old Faithful but thankfully the fire moved the other way. The pinecones opened up to the fire and seeds were blown away onto the ground.
- Soon snow fell and covered the burnt grounds. It wasn’t good for the animal because there was no food under the snow because of the fire. There were no nutrients. Some animals died due to smoke inhalation. The fire effected the waterways also. Scientists collected frozen urine samples to test the animal’s health. Food supplies decreased. There was a stage of succession. Soon spring came and brought rain and all plants and flowers and land were back.
- In the park there is even an active volcano that produces about 2000 earthquakes a year, one of the world's largest petrified forests, one of the world's largest calderas measuring 72x48 km and about 290 waterfalls, the highest of which is the Lower Waterfall - 94 meters. The Upper Valley of Geysers is a place where on an area of 2.5 square meters. Km are at least 150 geysers, five of which operate strictly according to the schedule - "Castle", "Big Geyser", "Margarita", "Riverside" and the most famous - "Old Officer." Next is the sixth of the predictable geysers - "The Great Fountain", the eruption of which twice a day raises water to a height of 30-61 m.
- Not only are genuine wonders of nature and magnificent landscapes in the park, but also a lot of large mammals, including black bears - baribals and grizzlies, coyotes, gray wolves, red foxes, wild cats, mountain lions, lynxes, beavers, otters, Canadian snow rams And several species of bison.
Giant's Causeway
Background
- About 50-60 million years ago, during lagenophora period , the location of Antrim was subjected to intense volcanic activity, when molten basalt penetrated through the tissue forming an extensive lava plateau. As rapid cooling was the reduction of volume of a material (such as observed in drying mud). Horizontal compression resulted in a characteristic structure hexagonal pillars.
About 40 thousand huge stone columns are so closely adjacent to each other, which creates the impression that installed them there was some sort of giant – hero of Irish myth and legend. The diameter of these pillars from 30 to 50 inches, they have smooth tops and a few faces (and a quarter five, the rest four, seven and even nine angles).
- The average height of the pillars is approximately six meters, although often you can see the high columns of twelve. If you look at them from above, they somewhat resemble a honeycomb, as can be arranged between the hexagons, so tightly held against each other between them quite difficult to put even a thin knife.
Stonehenge
- This prehistoric monument of architecture is composed of a circular fence of two types of hewn stone blocks, which have been delivered Preselected mountains to the construction site for several centuries
- Most researchers tend to believe that buildings of this type were not only ritual, but astronomical facilities, as there could hard to explore other planets, stars, the sunrises and sunsets.
- Now, some scientists are convinced that this building is the burial place of Queen Boadicea. Especially since there was discovered the remains of ancient people by scientists who belonged to the 240 representatives of the local elite. The majority of human bones refers to 2570-2340 BCE, and the oldest over for another Millennium.
- Most researchers tend to believe that buildings of this type were not only ritual, but astronomical facilities, as there could hard to explore other planets, stars, the sunrises and sunsets.
- It is interesting to note that Stonehenge and not far from a small town of Warminster is located in an area where at times there are strange phenomena: the flight and landing of a UFO, seen here are unknown giants and their footprints, heard the sounds of "invisible pedestrians"... Similar phenomenon has been observed in these areas in ancient times.
- First, in the vicinity of Stonehenge often there are mysterious pictograms - incomprehensible geometric figures, "imprinted" on grain fields.
- Secondly, Stonehenge often observes magnetic anomalies, and compasses inside the stone ring refuse to work.
- Thirdly, it is obvious that the monument of antiquity was built by people highly educated and knowledgeable of many sciences, and there were simply no such in the third millennium on the backward British Isles. Even if we assume that Stonehenge is not an cosmodrome, but an observatory, its builder could not be exactly an Englishman, since building an astronomical complex away from civilization for an ancient genius would be completely pointless.
Big Ben
Big Ben is the national symbol of Great Britain. It is a clock on the tower of the Palace of Westminster in London. Namely, it is a bell in the clock. The designer of the tower is English architect August Pugin. He designed it in 1858. It weights 13.5 tons and it is 318 feet high. Big Ben is one of the famous buildings of the UK.
The British museum in London
One of the most famous - the British Museum in London, which was founded in 1753. First, it is a huge library with 6 or 7 million books, which is considered one of the biggest in the world. According to British law, every book, pamphlet or periodical in the United Kingdom, should be kept in this museum. Secondly, the British Museum - a scientific institution, known as the Natural History Museum, which is a collection of international importance.
Westminster abbey
One of the most attractive designs is Westminster Abbey. Westminster Abbey is a place where many prominent Englishmen were buried, among them well-known poets, writers, scientists, statesmen, artists. Many people who visit the Abbey, want to honor the memory of such greats as William Shakespeare, Charles Darwin, Isaac Newton, Robert Burns, George Bernard Shaw, Lord Byron and many others. According to ancient tradition, all the English kings and queens were crowned and married here.
Tower
Tower history
The Tower was built in 1078, and in 1190 the first prisoner was imprisoned in the fortress. It was a prison for people of high-ranking, very high-ranking and monarch persons. But only seven executions occurred within the walls of the Tower, among the executed three queens: Anna Boleyn, who could not secure the throne of the heir, Catherine Howard and Jane Gray. From the first years of its existence, the Tower addresses with all sorts of rumors and legends, sometimes very ominous, some of them can be heard during the tour of this famous fortress
Tower of London today
Today the Tower of London looks practically the same as initially. Its basic purpose — the museum with a rich collection and Armory, treasures of the British crown are stored here. Officially fortress continues to be considered as one of royal residences. There are several private apartments in which service personnel and, sometimes, distinguished guests live. Being one of often visited tourist objects, the Tower of London offers tours which are conducted by beefeaters — the English guards which are many decades an integral part of fortress. Beefeaters in dark blue uniforms of the Victorian era, and in festive dates — in magnificent suits of an era of the Tudor dynasty are dressed that adds to tourists of interest in fortress.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge
In the middle of the 19th century in connection with increase of number of the pedestrian and horse movement near the port to East End postat a question of expediency of construction of a new crossing in the east from "London bridge".
In a consequence of what in 1870 the tunnel the Tower the Subway has been constructed, however as the subway he has served not the long period of time and finally its began to operate only as a pedestrian crossing.
In 1876 have decided to create committee which would deal with issues of development of decisions on developed to problems. Then have organized a competition and residents of the United Kingdom have presented more than fifty options.
Only in 1884 the best project about construction of the bridge offered by the judge Mr. Jones has been defined and approved. After his death in 1887 to direct process of construction of Tower Bridge in London appointed John Wolfe-Berri.
Works on construction have begun 6/21/1886 years and lasted for eight years.
6/30/1894 years the bridge has been solemnly open and put into operation by the Prince of Wales Eduard, and also his spouse princess Aleksandra.
Through a short period pedestrian galleries of the bridge have gained bad glory of places where pickpockets gather. In communication with what 1910 free access to galleries has been closed. They have opened again, only in 1982 and are used, to this day only as the observation deck and the museum
Interesting facts
- In 1968 the businessman from the State of Missouri (USA) Robert Makkallokh has got the old "London bridge" intended to demolition. The bridge was sorted and transported to America.
- Stone blocks which have been built in as facing in the reinforced concrete bearing structure of the bridge have established at the channel near the city of Leyk-Havasu-City, Arizona (USA).
- The legend says that Makkallokh has got "London bridge" having taken him for Tower Bridge one of the main symbols of the Foggy Albion. Makkallokh and one of members of city council of the capital of Ayven Lakin who supervised this transaction, deny such interpretation of events.
- Tower Bridge in London is the present work of art of architects, and also the greatest sight of London and in general Great Britain which at least once, but surely it is worth seeing on vividly.
Museum of London
- The Museum was opened in 1976 on the initiative of the London city Corporation. It is located in Barbican near the Barbican centre and the ruins of the London wall, near St Paul's Cathedral. Part of the exhibits was transported from Guildhall and Kensington Palace.
- Currently the Museum has a significant collection of objects relating to London's history from antiquity to the 20th century. Its main attraction is the coach of the Lord mayor of London
Theater globe
- The original globe theatre built in 1599 on the funds of the troupe of actors Lord Chamberlain''s Men, which belonged to Shakespeare, and destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613.
- The globe theatre, which was restored in June 1614 (when Shakespeare had already left London to Stratford) and lasted until 1642
- Modern (restored according to descriptions found during the excavations and remains of the Foundation) the building of the globe theatre opened in 1997. The building is rebuilt at a distance of about 200 meters from the original location of the theater .
Trafalgar Square
- Square in Central London, where Carinskog cross just three primary streets of Westminster — strand, Whitehall and the Mall.
- Originally wore the name of king William IV, but the final name was in honor of the victory of England in 1805. Square is a major transport interchange. It also leaves the subway station "Charing Cross" lines, Bakerloo and North.
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