Test
1.Listening
A You will hear 6 statements. Match each speaker's statement A-F with the statements 1-7.
Each statement can only be used once. One of the statements is extra.
1 I think all teenagers should do chores.
2 I have more responsibilities because I'm older.
3 Chores take up a lot of my free time.
4 I find cleaning relaxing.
5 I'm too busy to help out much.
6 You need to be prepared.
7 I don't mind doing outside chores.
| Speaker | A | B | C | D | E | F |
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2.Reading
B Match texts A-G with headings 1-8. Put your answers into the table. Each number can only be used once. There is one extra heading.
1 Not just murder: the full scope of forensic work
2 Crime scenes as narratives only science can decode
3 Why biological traces are the ultimate proof
4 Forensic scientists always arrive first at crime scenes
5 The power of microscopic evidence
6 A childhood dream inspired by a fictional detective
7 The truth behind TV portrayals of forensic science
8 Fingerprinting and its limitations
Caught in the Act
A. Even if you're looking carefully, you might miss it; it's only a stray strand of hair, after all. But to me, as a forensic scientist, this is what I live for; this is the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. This microscopic human trace might be the one vital piece of evidence that leads to the arrest and imprisonment of the criminal, the one who, without realising it, left his calling card behind at the scene of the crime. One single strand of hair contains all the criminal's DNA and, once matched, can lead all the way back to his door.
B. And that is my job. I'm a forensic scientist - 'forensic" just means relating to the legal system - and I collect and analyse evidence that is then used to catch a whole range of criminals committing any number of illegal acts. A member of the public might jump to the conclusion that all I work on are murders, but my field of investigation includes burglaries, arson, simple cases of forgery or more advanced Internet offences. Since time began, criminals have always found new ways of breaking the law, but I have complete faith in my subject. It doesn't matter what the crime is, science will get to the bottom of it and as technology continues to improve, the chances of getting away with it become slimmer and slimmer.
C. Perhaps the most famous forensic scientist of all was Sherlock Holmes. His methods of investigation, popularised in numerous books, films and television series, included close observation, rigorous examination of evidence and logical deduction. This is where I got my inspiration from. Reading the stories and watching the films fascinated me when I was younger and they still do today. 1 took all available science courses at school and then moved on to criminology at university. After graduating at the top of my class, it was then a small step to the police and I'm now head of the forensic investigation department.
D. In many ways the job hasn't changed all that much from the fog-filled streets of Holmes' London. The most useful tool for any scientist is still a keen mind, a good eye that connects the apparently unconnected and a skillful reading of the evidence. A crime scene is not that different to a story. It is a narrative with a beginning, in which the criminal enters the house; a middle, when the crime is committed; and a climax, as the criminal leaves the crime scene. My job is to make sure that the ultimate end is the capture of the villain.
E. Of course, there is a new style of fictionalised forensics on television nowadays that uses the most cutting-edge technology available and suddenly the job is the focus of a huge amount of attention with relevant university courses filling up faster than ever before. But don't be fooled by what you see on television. The job is vastly different from the one seemingly done by the heroes of a weekly TV show. First of all, the forensic scientist isn't the first one at the scene of the crime; we're usually there much later. Also, forensics can be a time-consuming and lengthy procedure. TV takes one hour to solve the crime; we can take weeks, months, even years. DNA analysis takes a long time, no matter how technologically advanced we are. But having said all that, the basic methods we use are the same as our TV counterparts.
F. Take fingerprinting, for example. A person's fingerprint is unique; the lines and shapes that patter the fingertips are individual and belong to no one else. The grease that comes off our skin at all times of the day leaves a patterned mark on everything we touch. We can make a copy of that mark and, hopefully, match it to the recorded fingerprints of known criminals. This is common knowledge and even the most simple-minded crook knows enough to wear a pair of gloves or wipe down everything he touches. But what about the traces that can't be seen, the traces that can't be wiped down?
G. At every second of every day your body is shedding microscopic pieces of skin; household dust is mostly made up of your dead cells. You are constantly renewing hairs, old ones fall and new ones grow back; the clothes you wear leave behind the smallest signs of where you've been and what you've been doing. This is called DNA fingerprinting and when gathered together, all of these things serve to build up a picture that is more conclusive than any eye-witness statement. Evidence doesn't lie when it faces a jury. Facts don't forget or get confused. Science states the case. And that is inescapable.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
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C Read the text again and complete tasks 1-7. In each task write number 1, 2, 3 or 4 in the answer box provided.
1 In the first paragraph, the writer suggests that
1 he is well-paid for the work he does.
2 criminals are often forgetful.
3 he follows criminals to their homes.
4 criminals help in solving the crime.
2 What changes have occurred recently?
1 There is more crime nowadays.
2 His job is getting more difficult.
3 More criminals are being caught.
4 He has more work than ever before.
3 Why did the writer become a forensic scientist?
1 Because he was good at science.
2 Because of his enthusiasm for books.
3 Because of a childhood role model.
4 Because he wanted to be a policeman.
4 The writer compares a crime scene to a story to
1 explain how events are connected.
2 describe how he finds evidence.
3 make him feel more like a hero.
4 show how to commit a crime.
5 Watching crime shows on television, viewers get the idea that
1 doing the job will make them famous.
2 solving a crime takes very little time.
3 the forensic scientist heads the investigation.
4 forensic science is a popular university course.
6 What does the writer not say about fingerprinting?
1 Most people understand the technique.
2 Unwashed hands are easier to fingerprint.
3 Criminals try to avoid leaving fingerprints.
4 No two sets of fingerprints are the same.
7 The writer believes forensic science
1 relies too much on the ageing process.
2 is a reliable method of solving crime.
3 often disagrees with personal accounts.
4 is not used enough in criminal investigations.
3. Vocabulary and Grammar
D. Use the words or phrases to complete the sentences. One word is extra.
sentence, grabbed, scam, fee, threatened, arrested, broke into, chased, witnesses, victim, court
The judge handed down a ten-year …….. for armed robbery.
The attacker …….. the phone from the pedestrian’s hand and fled.
Many elderly citizens fall victim to a phishing …… that mimics official letters.
He couldn’t afford the lawyer’s ……., so he requested a public defender.
The suspect ………. the cashier with a knife during the hold-up.
Officers ……. three teenagers after they vandalized the police car.
Thieves ……….. into the electronics store through the back window.
Police ……… the fleeing suspect for over two kilometres.
There were no reliable ……….. to confirm the alibi.
The ……… of the cybercrime reported the incident to the authorities immediately.
E Open the brackets using the correct verb form. Pay attention to the tense and irregular verbs.
The police ______ (arrest) the suspect last night after he ______ (steal) a car.
By the time the judge entered the courtroom, everyone ______ (stand) up.
The witness ______ (swear) to tell the truth before giving her testimony.
I ______ (not see) such a fair trial since I ______ (begin) studying law.
The thief ______ (break) into the house while the owners ______ (sleep).
She ______ (write) a formal complaint after they ______ (take) her phone without permission.
The defendant admitted he ______ (lie) during his first interrogation.
Lawyers ______ (fight) for justice since the legal system ______ (come) into existence.
When the alarm ______ (go) off, the guards ______ (run) toward the building.
The jury ______ (reach) a verdict after they ______ (deliberate) for six hours.
He ______ (forbid) to leave the country until the investigation ______ (end).
The victim ______ (feel) relieved when the court finally ______ (give) its decision.
They ______ (not catch) the cybercriminal yet, but they ______ (work) on the case for months.
The officer asked if I ______ (see) anyone suspicious near the bank that morning.
The judge ______ (wear) his black robe as he ______ (enter) the courtroom.
We ______ (learn) about citizens’ rights when the fire alarm ______ (ring).
The teenager ______ (throw) a stone at the police car and then ______ (run) away.
Since the new law ______ (come) into force, crime rates ______ (fall) significantly.
The lawyer ______ (tell) me that my statement ______ (be) crucial for the case.
I ______ (not understand) the verdict until the judge ______ (explain) it clearly.
F. Open the brackets using the to-infinitive, bare infinitive or gerund.
The accused denied (steal) the evidence from the police station.
After the verdict, he gave up (lie) under oath.
She doesn’t want (testify) without her attorney present.
You mustn’t (leave) the courtroom while the jury is deliberating.
The witness admitted he decided (hide) the documents.
Would you mind (turn) off your phone during the trial?
The lawyer is responsible for (prepare) all case materials.
The judge let the defendant (speak) before sentencing.
Investigators believe the suspect can (identify) the accomplice.
This legal podcast is worth (listen) to for future law students.
4. Writing
G You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom:
…. Last week my class visited a local courthouse and talked to a real judge. It was amazing! How do young people in Russia learn about their legal rights? Do you have special lessons at school about laws, rights and responsibilities? What should you do if someone accuses you of something you didn’t do?
I’ve just finished a project on young people’s rights and responsibilities
Write a letter to Tom.
In your letter:
— answer his three questions;
— ask him three questions about his project on rights and responsibilities.
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of informal letter writing.
